All about infective endocarditis?

Endocarditis, or inflammation of the inner lining of the heart's chambers and valves, is potentially dangerous if not treated.The endocardium refers to this protective layer.

Most cases of endocarditis can be traced back to an infection. A heart infection occurs when bacteria, fungus, or other pathogens enter the bloodstream and adhere to the injured heart muscle or other tissue. Artificial heart valves, damaged heart valves, and other cardiac abnormalities increase the risk of endocarditis.

If not treated quickly, it can cause significant damage to the heart's valves. Medications and surgery are also options for treating endocarditis.

What causes infective endocarditis in humans?

Bacteria that enter the circulatory system can cause infection. Many different things can lead to an infection, including not taking care of one's teeth, accidentally injuring yourself while brushing one's teeth or gums, undergoing dental procedures, having an implanted cardiovascular medical device, having a chronic skin disorder or infection, having been burned, having an infectious disease, and so on. Endocardial infections are a severe risk when these bacteria find a home on a heart valve.

How can I recognize infective endocarditis if I develop it?

Infectious endocarditis tends to progress slowly. But there are instances when it strikes suddenly.

When endocarditis develops gradually, typically over weeks to months, this is known as subacute infective endocarditis. These symptoms slowly begin to manifest themselves in you:

  • Tiredness
  • Temps in the low 100s (37.20-38.5 C)
  • Slimming down
  • Sweating

Rapid onset of severe illness characterizes acute infective endocarditis. You may have seriously damaged one of your heart's valves within days. Among the symptoms are:
  • Symptoms of a high temperature (38.9 to 40 degrees Celsius or 102 degrees F)
  • Exhaustion to the max
  • Trouble breathing
The following conditions are also possible with either form of endocarditis:
  • Experiencing chills and aching joints
  • Having very light skin
  • Tender bumps beneath the skin
Sometimes diseased tissue or cells from the heart can travel through the circulatory system and infect other organs. Lung, brain, and kidney infections are all possible outcomes.

Who is likely to get infective endocarditis?
  • Birth abnormalities of the heart, such as faulty valves or a hole in the septum, which enable blood to escape from one portion of the heart to another, are risk factors for children and young adults.
  • Calcium deposits in the mitral or aortic valve, congenital cardiac abnormalities, or a history of endocarditis are all adult risk factors.
  • Drunkenness and IE The tricuspid valve is commonly damaged when IE is brought on by the injection of illegal medications or the chronic use of IV medicines. Narcotics and other street substances can negatively impact the mitral or aortic valve.
Infectious endocarditis: how do doctors treat it?

Antibiotics administered intravenously (IV) for a minimum of 2 weeks and a maximum of 8 weeks constitute the backbone of infective endocarditis therapy.
Surgeries to repair or replace a damaged heart valve are sometimes necessary.

Infectious endocarditis: what can I do to avoid it?
  • Don't inject drugs recreationally if you want to avoid infecting your heart.
  • Rapid antibacterial treatment is essential.
  • Don't neglect your oral health.
  • A high risk for infective endocarditis necessitates extra caution in certain areas. Furthermore, it may be necessary for some high-risk individuals to also:
  • Antibiotics should be used before any dental or surgical procedures that could allow bacteria to enter the body.
  • If you're not sure if you're at high risk, talk to your doctor.

Dr. Sarita Rao is a best heart specialist and Top cardiologist in Indore, MP. If you are suffering from heart disease and looking the best cardiologist doctor in MP, then come to the Apollo Hospitals. 

For appointment call on +91 9893925000 or online visit - https://drsaritaraocardiologist.com/

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